μg/ ml

100

50

25

12.5

6.25

3.12

Fn

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

S

S

S

S

S

S

Ethanol extract

S

S

S

S

S

S

Aa

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

S

S

S

S

S

S

Ethanol extract

S

S

S

S

S

S

Pi

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

S

R

R

R

R

R

Ethanol extract

S

R

R

R

R

R

Fn

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

S

R

R

R

R

R

Ethanol extract

S

R

R

R

R

R

S- Sensitive, R- Resistant

Table 1: MIC values of Costus pictus extract against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn)

μg/ ml

100

50

25

12.5

6.25

3.12

Fn

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

59

61

66

69

73

79

Ethanol extract

13

18

22

34

61

63

Pg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

81

96

99

108

116

142

Ethanol extract

69

71

82

84

98

106

Pi

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

74

78

84

96

108

116

Ethanol extract

62

75

79

91

95

99

Aa

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aqueous extract

62

68

78

88

96

103

Ethanol extract

NG

NG

84

95

222

224

NG- No Growth

Table 2: MBC values of Costus pictus extract against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn)